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W(xu)W(wng) > иԇ > 201613и俼h

201613и俼h

l(f)rg:2017-06-16݋f

иԇ13ȫ֌ڵĂ俼hСҽBxϣЎ

1иxҪxȫĆ?

ETSƬThe Life of An ItemV҂һx헵O(sh)Ӌֹ“__ģe`e`”߀Ҫ_“all the passage is covered by items”xxȫΰÿһx?

2W(xu)g(sh)иɿ?

иԇxӢZZԜyԇ(yng)ԓעڜyԇW(xu)“Z”⿼쿼“W(xu)g(sh)֪R”ԓ}ETSаl(f)(jng)F.RobinشfиҲCriterion-Referenced|(zh)@ɱʹÌW(xu)g(sh)õČW(xu)ڿԇռЃ(yu)

3P(gun)Iʲô?

ETSuB.SuomiŮʿ˼Ļشdeveloping your ideaҲLJ@^c(})Mжչ_Ȼǰǵ^c_ӢZ

4ʲôǿԇеy}?

ETSuB.SuomiŮʿJA difficult item requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high level concept not because it tests obscure or esoteric matter

5ܲx?

“иxµLȱc}Ŀ(sh)ƥ”@x}ĿO(sh)Ӌԭt“xŸoUԒ”mETSxԇҪˈDxҪ܉xȫIJ}P(gun)ϢЩͬW(xu)f“MxǴ_xôk?“ ETSB.SuomiŮʿĽhȻŬx£keep reading keep practicing

6֔(sh)Ҫ?

ETSuJ.Bardشǿ϶x}Ҳܿ錑ǿ鲻productivityֻʹ^}ʽܿW(xu)λrg(ni)Įa(chn)@ҲZҪwF(xin)|(zh)֔(sh)ͬҪZͬ

SadekŮʿf֔(sh)Խ෸eĿԾԽŶ!300DZ^ǡ?sh)ģһƪ²ڌ˶չ_ՓC}Ŀ(Topic development is the most important issue here) ͬrеfNo memorized language! ҪģŶ!

7(f)h۷ֆ?

ETSŮ醾팣Kimfǵġ(f)hǞ醾Ĺƽ(f)hĴ}oµϼ醾õijɿпܸڵڻԭгɿXؔһ(zi)(f)hL(fng)UX֔

8ܶͬW(xu)˛_֣ķ^ƫ}y}ό?

Ҫ^(q)eETS}Federic Robin_fIf we intend for an item to be difficult we make certain that it is difficult because it requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high-level concept not because it tests obscure or esoteric matterҲf@y}߉݋(f)s߸(zhn)@ǿԽܵr;@Щy}(ni)ݻޝWҊô@N}һ҂ҪԵIJˡ

9ɷ(j)^ؼų“O~R”x?

ٷڳ}ĕrѽ(jng)x@Щ~oYxˡFederekf“Distracters(wrong options) should not include specific determiners(“always”/“never”)”

10΁ÿһx}?

x}ĵһxǽ^܃HHMڵһһҪŪÿ_x_ԭͬrÿһe`xe`ԭETS}AshmoreV҂}ĕr@ôģᘌÿһ}һҪѴ𰸵ԭضx_

Articulate why each distracter(wrong option) is wrong

Consider whether you could defend the key(right option) to an examinee

11(ji)}DzһҪļ(ji)?

Щ߅߅߅ǵļ(ji)ɲܕ?

ETSنTJefffÿһ}ĿO(sh)Ӌĕr}߶ԼDoes the item measure something worth measuring or is it trivial and unimportant?O(sh)ӋFЎׂɆTxߣtĕ@}Ŀڳ}ĕrҲO_xlength complexityor diction stand out

12Z@NsubjectiveĿԇƽ?

a.ÿһZresponseǶһrater(ŒϣETSvf17350raters)ĵģDZSCķֽoͬraters@ӾͿԴpͬһraterɶӰijһ˵ķ֔(sh)MCƽ

b.ZģǴ_еv˷һοпZdz˜ʣҲdzǾ܇AԒmڶ}ĿĴ]Ќ|(zh)(ni)ݣıٽo˺ܵ͵ķ֔(sh)

13Zԇе¼?

ٸV҂ஔtest takersڿZԇĕrfI hate ETS.You make my life miserable.I am so mad about you ж@ӵtest takersrٟoεЦЦfmore than you could expect

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