xcи15ƪ()
(dng)(x)(x)ƷһһкܶúÌxаxʲôҪСռxcиHgӭx
xcи1
ÿϮ(dng)ѣư֮F֮־XпҪF(xin)һλnυs¸҈Զ(zh)ˡ@λ˱ҺPµӲhʥ
cvϝOʥcһlصĴR~~sֻd·ؼҵĹһoҵһǧxһl(f)ΣP(gun)^oro̲܄ҾoR侳ܵˊ^cȻಫ͟oη
mq]Ըԃ?sh)឵ĴR~sMdӋ䔵(sh)ľ(zhn)Ʒwsc\Ȼ?fn)ÈԶ឴~@ԓǺεȵĂԏ`ʥ粻ɞ҂ƽӢ
^˲Ǟʧһ˿Ա磬Ա@˵һƽӢ۵ĉ־ڴ˵ʥǂ۲۵ʧߡùsⲻ֪wă(ni)ģʼKһ^ɫĪ{һ^vMɣs(zh)c\۪{@Ҳfġĺϣā]ʧ^L(fng)rǘ
˵һԼfհL(fng)l(f)ӭꖊ^W(wng)ꖝMdwñ˵һgȲ^Kʥ@ô(zhn)ͻƵ^ӣֵ͛]Сŗ@~ֻҪ߀һz⣬ͲֹͣƴMȫc\(zhn)ٶʧٴʹҲֺp˵ĺǿF־
ӢۿǑ(zhn)պյ܊ǽd'һI(lng)ҲǑnnĉʿηQһλґ(zhn)Ҕĺ˞顰ӢۡӢ߾ҪһwηʧԶƴȳˈԶٱҞ鳣˲֮еǟo˼h(yun)ľK־ǧʿĺIJ@Dzܲsؑµĉ־Ҳǂb`Č
֮·̻LՓ҂IJ(yng)(dng)ǟoֹخ(dng)c(zhn)҂SӢۣǂ҂õԼԼ˵ijɹՓW(xu)(x)߀ճyӰSӭyϣ^һ߀Oӱܣʧֻ҂ԼҲ(zhn)Л]Ԕľ
Ոh(yun)ӛֻҪ߀һzϣͶҪcȼԴ˞ԴԴĄcĥy֮ԭϣֻ֮Щ(zh)صʿՓɹc֮ɵ^ʧ˳ɹ֮ĸ҂?ni)Bȡⶼ]ijɹeᳬԽ
鳯҂?yu)βóԼӢۚţúˮ־_һƬԼ{(ln)죬һλʥһӊ^ϢHԲɴݵӢ
xcи2
cһЎĕvĹO了Σ@^ͬɽںϵİ˷֮һ[ƽֱ@ֱǰ˷֮ߵtжصĺxP(gun)Ľxкܶ@oN˸Nc
cĹէDz۲۵ıҪD(zhun)84]~ʧs^Ĵ~xϤĺڹªļ尾{c~zҹԞ(zhn)ƷMdww;д~s~ć±ʳ(q)ɢ~KصOһo@ƣ@yͨxʧһʧߵĹ£ܹȫĶ־ɞ(zhn)\ľS@Ű͵ϝOγɞČW(xu)֮һ
@ʧߡ`^β]ОF(xin)oԼ
S҂̎ĬF(xin)׃Īyrcشr훰ӿ~ҲSеDUڹcֵҲǔˌsֿ˿~ҲÓ̥҂(ni)̎Ŀֺ֑ҵһԼ
\oÿO(sh)o(sh)cƣеʎڜ\С~еĄt睓[Ĵ~(dng)x(zhn)\rWqĉSȻȴȥZֻԼͶ~ȺtřCӵ\l(f)ijŪc⡣(dng)ջĶYRң҂ǷñMһһ(zhn)һºl(wi)ֻ(jng)ɹĚеϝOoʧMǸ^~ooɳz(jng)ĵęz]P(gun)Ĵl(f)^@ĄǵһĻsкһӵԳ羴ϣĿǸVѽ(jng)
@ͬrҲһҌF(xin)^̣cª^^^һμvƥ֮µĹҏҲˌȻľηʹ~ϧкľ٣cªČԼʰ^ȥx͵ĿеĪ{͵ԼoϵĘsҫˑ(zhn)ĽKcҲǺfһʿ´ӣMеŭL(fng)ˡ~XݚsʼKSһwҟoηġ@Ԕ֧ǂʥpˮֈԳһһҹ˵Ҳ֧ĺ˥nϵ'|ûɺϵ۪{
ʥ@ϻ~ǼܵʧߣsĻǺ(chung)Ԣʽȫ漃DZҲljc(chung)ںһĺֵܠhҲеwF(xin)MľmfČW(xu)ǞˏaF(xin)IJcʧôҲںĹPcĹ³MȱsڅصıɽՓcO~ʹ@ƷL(fng)Nh(yun)ƺ҂^@ЩAŰͺϴ̿oHM۵ᵽ՚НOѩcȵĝܰҵķƵM(jn)ε{(ln)pеһƬ
Sǚ(dng)ÿһc^ġOǺoɆʹÿpֲMںڰʧĕrһ]ȥһɡڷ߅ⲽĪ{ˏѶ(yu)ԡڽɫSIJκԔ
xcи3
x^SSСfСţvUӛoӛϲgһǡcS
@vһλˡʥKڴϱͣÿ춼~кܶ˶ֿס~͵ζͷŗ˲ŗ֮ԲŗԳֲиwŷdzÿ(dng)ȥץ~ǝMdw@Գֲиŗܲ~
1880꣬С@ɉgͱZȥԼ ҕKPɳώָ(do)ԼIJиŬ֮¿τЌW(xu)ʹ┵(sh)ԃ(yu)ijɿI(y)ڹW(xu)Լʣµ'I(xin)oPպһӣԼIJиŬȡijɹoԼһ]κz҂ڿԇǰͣŬ(f)(x)óֵĜ(zhn)푪(yng)ԇKȡԼMijɿ
x^SĕСcoҺӡֻ֪ͨ^иŬܫ@SʢĹҪȿ
"
xcи4
_ʼxF(xin)ӡ҆l(f)(yng)ԓǡc
cvʥһγ~^឵һldzĴR~ʥɹذѴR~~sѴR~Թֻʣ~^~β.
ˡcwʥB־͡˿Ա磬sԱIJ
ҵXиF(xin)@ӵĮ棺СrҘкһЩo҈n߀oIһ_ʼҵdȤܝ⣬ÿ춼܈Գ־ǣ^һҵdȤpVԽԽyԽԽLҵĹnҲԽԽ]ôrg٣Ôm(x)m(x)ώҵıF(xin)ҲЩʧɴŗ͋f֮ǰвס؆ԼҪŗҲң˛]ǣ߀x˷ŗ
F(xin)ΨһڌW(xu)dȤ赸ЩrgŗX̫̫࣬(dng)ҿˡcˡ˿ԱsԱľ͔˷ŗ^
cқ]һxŗҪǂ(jng)ّ(zhn)ĵĵB(zh)ˌW(xu)(x)xx㡪cҶˈԳֵ
xcи5
Һ͋һxһСc@v@ôһ£ŰϝOʥBm(x)ʮ]~eĝOʧԳֲиK឵һlR~R~СںŽƣM˽Сһ߅ٚwж~uñMһֶظەrֻʣ~^~βһlǡM~ⶼҧȥʲôҲoݚӢ־
x@rЕr˵.еͬ飬ЕrСкеοKı˲ϵ־ЄӡXһ˲Ϡ
@V҂ʧ£µʧȥʧȥԳȥ־ʧľʹܑ(zhn)DZ_ôʼKϣɹض㡣
xcи6
٣xˡc@һипҪvһλ˳ꪚںϴ~һ឵˴~ڷص·˳Ⱥ~ʹ┵(sh)~~ܳȫY(ji)ϻȥֻһ~Ǽ˛]бκy̤M(jn)ԼŬеĥyϵضfһ˲ρҪosܴҏxһNԔľ
Ҳ@ӣһ˿ԵsܲŗվęCV҂һەrҪh(yun)?fn)h(yun)ȥƴڲĿ?fn)ȡh(yun)ğoεĄһNԔľcl(f)(zhn).fĴƠһжʾǰ~B̵ľ֧۰l(f)˲Vһ(yu)Ę£ȻԳȻԳиc?fn)c\?fn)cеĴc⿹?fn)ÿ˶Пoĝܲܳɹܲܰl(f)]cĥyĿ?fn)аl(f)йеĺÎ״ᵽ˪{ӣ䌍Ī{һNһNԔľ˟o֮˛]Ўش~(zhn)ԼĘO
挦yrҕ@yǰ{Լȥ˷һֱp㡣һһya(chn)ġ
]yՄʲô҂Ҫһһ̤̤ȥ˷^yܿʺ@һ~(jng)vL(fng)꣬ҊʺӱųһNF(xin)ֻн(jng)^ԼŬɹı˰
xcи7
xҺġc@(jng)@^ZؐČW(xu)
cvһ@ӵĹ£һϝOBm(x)84춼]в~CԼٴγһl1500ĴR~(jng)^33ҹIJOKښ˴~ɴ~Ѫ~Ⱥc~صa^r~ѽ(jng)~Թֻʣ~Ǽ
@mȻֻ150úֻܾҪͷŲӡϝOʹ~һ̵Ĉc~ƣM϶ǂB؈Գɞ'ADyؑ(zhn)˴~@뵽ԼڌW(xu)(x)yrЕrӱܡwnλwǰƽrҲúȥ(x)ɿһֱ]M(jn)]п˷@yP(gun)뵽@cXԼҪϝOúÌW(xu)(x)yǰ^Ҫӭy
@Ҷһ˵һһL(fng)ںϺһӣһЩL(fng)҂Ҫľ¸挦һ҂_(d)BZı˰
Vcһ^WĕкܶҬF(xin)߀ԺҪxױ顣@һKĺÕ
xcи8
xҺСfcʮСfϝO־ҶһһҪЈԳֲиľܫ@óɹ
Сf茑һѮϝOһΪԳ~r឵һl~sρϝOͬ~ҊŰl(f)F(xin)@һl^ԼO(sh)ĴR~mȻ֪yȡ٣ԲŗR~ڵѪζ~ԲԸŗKͻ؇~˝Oۡ@O
(dng)xϝO룺@x̫ҲSڸh(yun)ĵطи~rʮO]аڬF(xin)Ŀ(bio)ǰM(jn)ٿ҂ƽrһcСyͽпB҂(yng)ԓһؑѴ־ȥĿ(bio)҂δ
(dng)xR~_ʼهСO΄˽߱Mȫe䓲SȥY(ji)˴~rҵҲKʯ^˵ҚJǺηԳֲиľ@NϝOū@^Ą҂ҲҪW(xu)(x)O`yȡóɹ
Oֳֻľl(wi)s߁퓌ʳ~˴~ζ~˴߀L(fng)ȤuԼ҂ҪԘ^đB(ti)ȌܽӋ^Щpʧo
@λ˽ɣᰢһλͨͨĝOһB8춼]~e˶Ц̫ùڵ8ڴˮ؎һlR~v(jng)ǧfKڰ@l~@l~^С߅ϡϲ̵ұȥ칫~ѪζܿЁ~ʹ┵(sh)~ƴ˵ҕr~ѱ~˂뵫ʣȻ@
x@҂y҂ҪںyҪЈԳֲиľ(jng)vL(fng)Ҋʺ磬ɣᰢϠ@һλ㌍ĝOκyMԼŬcеĥyϵĶ҂@ЩЌW(xu)fŗͷŗ҂(yng)ԓеɣᰢW(xu)(x)һڶ
҂ҲSyʹ҂HҪW(xu)(x)ˌ^đB(ti)߀Ҫ˳֮Ժľ͌һĿ(bio)СW(xu)꼉֮puِ҂ccÿαِrʧ@αِ҂Ăÿ́وӖ(xn)֪˶ڵĺˮؓ(f)K˶J(rn)ù܊r҂ԳһeZ҂ʲôɣᰢϠ֮ԺľԼһĿ(bio)
ґҵĺxc@ҺvԞ˳ꪚںϴOԏB(yng)һСͽԺһֱ]д~ĸҊö]д~ĸx_˵Ĵe˝OȥO{˂ڵĴOһ죬Сʹ˴~˅s]д~һ˴һl~s֮KƷ˴~~ֻ̫ðڴ߅;һȺ~ʹ˜┵(sh)c~K~߀ǰ~ȫԹϻȥֻһ~ǼСĵһ˛]бκyMŬcеĥy˲ϵضfһ˲Ҫosܴ@NԔľЄӲ҂ÿ҂ҪW(xu)(x)@NԔľʹ҂ԏŬİ(jng)^˽y(tng)y(tng)һɞһÓfďԳԼԭtʧdzɹ֮ĸʹʧҲҪģ9εһ΄ֻҪдoðUM(jn)ȡF־ԔľһܳɹЕrϟʹùĕrl(f)҂ϣ@Ժҏصı˵ľЄ·ϿЏ҂һҪһԶκL(fng)L(fng)J^ȥ
xcи9
ҹoBһᘵڵϵ Ҋſڴǰ@ֻǃ(ni)ľþòƽo
vһλɣϝOһ˳~һo@84KڵһloȵR~һ߀Ӣߵ~~ԭСǗl~(jng)^NNŬϝOKڰֺܲҵijF(xin)һl~ϝOֺǗl~˺ܾãY(ji)c߀DZ~Zµһdd~
ҲSゃ~DŽߣҿλϝO`ڲMܵ(zhn)˷Լȱ]y^ؐfǘ
ҿԱݚҲܱ
Ҳ˵ĵ·ǿƽMͬˌͬ·вͬ뷨еֻҪһyͶȥԸڳеˣsyһЩ̼(zhn)Mʧ˅s߀һһǰߡ
(dng)L(fng)ˁRrxӱ߀ȥ挦ȥ(zhn)
xcи10
ġӲhʥo̵ӡ@λϵďR嫵ĺ͵ĴR~~ӵĭh(hun)Ͷⶵ\F(xin)Bͱٵ@ʹAĻеľҲЩɐ۵͈ԏĸH
v^vʷ***(zhn)(zhn)ˇ(lin)܊AЇڿ?fn)?(w)S¡\Їڿ?fn)?꿹ա(ni)(zhn)ԮЇڿ?fn)?8꣬Rɺ(zi)̛]҂ļ҈@s_Їؽ҈@;ǵ䡱ֲrڇЇ˷y.Q;ѩ(zi)uЇRąf(xi)ͬ۹(j)ğ;ɽ봨ݲЇͻἺ˵ĐoՓʲô۶IJЇĸHġЇǽ(jng)rg͚vʷĿ҂ΨһһʼK֪δȫռćǧĚvʷĻԏĸHˈԏԏo(h)ԏĸHydAԺش֮
ӛvʷ_(chung)δÿÿڸЄЇϵ־Ʒ|(zh)\cа^ҏиoՓڌW(xu)(yn)ʵǿƌW(xu)߷ĿƌW(xu)߀RΣyҹ(ji)ʡ_֧FYϵԇCwІToՓǎʮһյ˵Ę㌍h߀ĬĬI(xin)ϣ̾ġm鶼oҾϴYĥӡӛʹÿ(dng)DyUr(zhn)ĵȥQʥľcͬ҂HھȡÄ⣬߀ҪȡìF(xin)еĄӛǰuڿyв˿s^l(f)M(jn)ȡM⣬挦o̎Y(ji)(jng)Ӗ(xn)҂ľ҈@ʹ֮䌍ָ(do)҂ڿyЊ^ǰM(jn)vMG·M̎ǴNڿyвLЇҲ،gͷs⸣֮ⵜ֮L(fng)^һǟoȽk߲֮
ҐҵĸHҞAŮһӶеo
ĸHo֪ҲһALϵһKuărֵԼf㔵(sh)ҪFI(xin)oҵĸHF(xin)O(sh)߀Ҫ҂AĂ(f)d߀Ҫ҂ԏϢdۂfLҪÿһЇȥ(gu)
o(sh)DSӌO^l(f)DVԊʎc;
ץסl(f)չCAŮF(tun)Y(ji)f(xi)Cδ
ԏʥʹˈԏԏʹ҂ԏĸH־ҪһԏˡԏĸHҵľ֧߱MܞĘaһЦݡ
Ґ҂ԏ!
Ґ҂ԏĸH!
xcи11
СĕrҾ@ӡ
cҪvһλϝOһںLĕrg]в~ֱ85峿õСںh(yun)ĺϽK឵һldzR~
@lR~СںƯ죬ıMеKڲű
@3쌍tL˾ؑª˼ҹĄ~̫Î״Ҷ(dn)ôԾ϶ǻ
ڷص;У˳Ⱥ~ʹ˜┵(sh)~ȥ~߀ǰR~ϵˣֻʣ´~Ǽҕ~Ҫ˵ģÓ(dn)˚һl~d^һ^@ӳ֚~߀ӶB~^(dn)ġd^oM(jn)ϣ߽oһЩ~⡪ٍһPXƽͺ
@УҲ]~ȥʧˡֻǛ]~⡣քˣһlܶһ݅Ӷ]^Ĵ~~ǻȥĴ߀L2Ҫһcڸ~ĶбF(xin)'Ĉ(zh)Գ֣Ƿdzֵ҂W(xu)(x)صĴɷǂƵ
҂UһҪ܉^MԼ(yn)wҪh(yun)ǂߡҺϲg@N^ǻ[Ư߀ԼĈԳ҂ڬF(xin)Е(jng)NyҲ(yng)ԓеǘӡԏ¸ҵȥ挦ʧ£ҪÏʧի@Ӗ(xn)ͽ(jng)
һá
xcи12
һښx@ıСӣ]۷·ԿҊ{(ln)ɫĺL(fng)ĚϢһԴ~Ŀƽˡ
ºܺΣŰϝOʥBm(x)84]в~r£KڪһlR~@l~ֻ̫ܽڴ߅ښwһ~Ĺظەrֻʣ~^~ˡ
һԲ~cˌһʥľηҪҺѽ~ѽҏā]Ҋ^ߵĖ|ҺҲںll{L(fng)eֹF(yn)lҲMˌ~s]нzӓuҵѡұ횰㺦~һϵ־ųɞ˵Čֻ@ӏČǰ˲CԼ
(dng)~ҧȥ@lR~sʮr@룺Ǟʧһ˿ԱԱ@Ԓҵ˺̈́ą^(q)e`ꡣֵď`~˥Ęϱճۂۡ]ʲôȻ˵`Ljԏģ~Øö̹öѡʹȫc~`(zhn)tDDDzԱmȻˣwȻpͺprڿ_mһҾƵԳְֺ͌һһҹKһcһcӲǰһӣ@һwԏ֧@һԏ`ֵ֧е.ֶ
ˉ}prڷϿĪ{˵ġ^UǣҪǺھͺ@ЩССļ(x)(ji)s˂挍wF(xin){ഺĿsӰ(dng)ĵĕr@ЩõĻؑȡҊ˵ഺ;Dzġ
R~ԹȻ]Xһƺ]и׃ȻĥĶ־F(yn)`õӛsġ
Ů(dng)ꖹٴ@Oϕrʥ猢ø܇䓰~ͺһͬȥ
xcи13
؉µă(yu)
ݹiϿİy¶nֻp۾ȥⲪһɲݔ?sh)ĄŃҲ^춨ÿ˵ĴڶһĘOʹ(jng)پđ(zhn)ʿҲԼϝOԳ~(jng)^ʮȻһo@˿Լĥyʧȥˮ֣ʧȥ{(ln)O\l(f)(zhn)
挦ǰ]лĆʚf嫵ĴǰM(jn)ʮ@(sh)քt\cʧĽKY(ji)Ҳ⼴(yu)ŵ@һ឵һl~~ݔ?sh)ľǡȺвϷݔ(sh)~ԳS֮Q(zhn)D(zhun)h(yun)̎bh(yun)Ĵc^~ڴԳ֎ҹʹ˾ƣ˲]оʹ˷ŗoץើoՓʹcrѪֱ@һـȫʼKֻҪ~ɹǰһҶɞ^ƟҲܳɞкеӢۡc(q)ʹѪ촽~Ҳɹ@
d~һȺ~řCӣ_ʼ˵.CҊ\ȵĿһֻ~ǰԇD~´˿ڟoε˲gˡfUKһSʮwRʮ{ڲyDz˵һW(wng)ֱF(xin)ˎʮěQĺ͐ݺݵĄ^һ̣~˂һӲڽ~Ⱥć£~ֻʣһֻfСص[[Wqһƺ׃c׃Ȼ]гɹ@һֻ~fAˣA(yn)c(dng)ðľW(wng)ľ~W(wng)סW(wng)סƺҲʧͲ
ʧʲôʧljʹͬrҲEǟo(sh)εֵsҲǟo(sh)Θ^挦ʲôӢӢɢķNҪrֱKӢcʧӽcԼ?fn)cʧNЩԼСеʧ͛]ЈԳ֑(zhn)]ʧsҲֻǰڬF(xin)Mڴ
ʧӢۣҲֻӢcQĵĴfں˵ĴfǰM(jn)fډҊ{ӣҊԼĄҲfڴԼ
Sÿ˶ǺҡSÿжд˲ãԼ҂Ҫ¸挦PĴ̖ƘOث@⃞(yu)ӭӱ˰
ӭL(fng)Լ҂һγl(f)
xcи14
x꺣@ƪСfеă(ni)ӳIJǸN(x)(ji)茑@ԒҊ۪{
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